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四大门

作者：李慰祖

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所谓“四大门”，乃是对四种灵异动物即狐狸（“胡门”）、黄鼠狼（“黄门”）、刺猬（“白门”）和蛇（“常门”）的总称，在华北地区广泛流传着关于它们的民俗信仰。这篇燕京大学社会学系的本科论文通过深入的实地调查和访谈，自觉重视“局内观察法”和“民俗语汇”，站在社会学、人类学和比较宗教研究的立场上，以严谨认真和超脱公允的态度，详细地描述了北平西北郊一带农民信仰的实际情形，进而讨论了当地民众所信仰的“四大门”宗教及其对于农民生活的重要意义，尤其着力分析其社会功能。论文写成之后，在学界声誉卓著，被认为超过了现在很多的博士、硕士论文水平，却一直没有公开出版。此次经典重提，实为初刊，以飨读者。

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